If you are currently studying or planning to study in the U.S., you’ve likely heard terms like CPT and OPT. These are fantastic opportunities to gain hands-on work experience during or after your studies—and they can even boost your chances of staying in the U.S. long-term.
But what exactly are CPT and OPT? How do you apply? And how many hours are you legally allowed to work as an international student?
Let Pathfinder explain everything clearly and thoroughly.
1. What is CPT – Curricular Practical Training?
CPT is a type of internship or job directly related to your major, available to international students on an F-1 visa.
Eligibility:
- You must have completed at least one full academic year in the U.S. (except English language programs)
- The job/internship must be directly related to your major
- You must get authorization from your school and receive an update on your I-20
Duration:
- Part-time: ≤ 20 hours/week (during school term)
- Full-time: > 20 hours/week (during school breaks)
Important: If you use more than 12 months of full-time CPT, you will no longer be eligible for OPT after graduation. Choose wisely!
2. What is OPT – Optional Practical Training?
OPT is a program that allows you to work legally after graduation (or during your studies, though this is less common), while staying on your F-1 visa.
Eligibility:
- Completion of at least one academic year of full-time study
- Your major must be OPT-eligible
- You must submit Form I-765 and get approval from USCIS
Duration:
- 12 months for all F-1 students
- STEM majors (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) may get a 24-month extension (total of 36 months)
Many students use OPT as a stepping stone to get hired and transition to an H1B work visa or even a Green Card.
3. How Many Hours Can You Work as an International Student?
| Period | Allowed Hours | Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
During the semester |
Max 20 hours/week |
On-campus jobs or approved CPT only |
| During school breaks |
Full-time allowed |
If you have valid CPT or on-campus job |
| After graduation |
Only with OPT or another work visa |
Unauthorized work is prohibited |
4. Popular Jobs for International Students:
- Lab, library, or IT assistant (on-campus)
- Internships through CPT/OPT
- Freelancing for overseas companies (if allowed under your visa)
- Campus jobs: event staff, tutoring, etc.
5. How Pathfinder Can Help You:
- Advise you on choosing majors that align with CPT/OPT opportunities
- Help you complete all CPT/OPT paperwork
- Connect you with mentors who’ve successfully used CPT/OPT
- Keep you up to date with immigration law changes
6. Final Thoughts
CPT and OPT open doors to an international career—starting while you’re still a student.
But immigration laws are strict and frequently change. Do not risk your future by guessing or going it alone.
Let Pathfinder support you—from your first steps in Vietnam to landing your first job in the U.S.
📩 Want 1-on-1 advice about CPT, OPT, or working while studying?
👉 Book a free consultation with a Pathfinder mentor today!
